Anemia is not part of the normal aging process and should trigger a workup for myeloid neoplasms.Barzi A, Sekeres MA. Cleve Clin J Med. 2010;77(1):37-44.
When left untreated, MDS- and MF-related anemia can have a severe impact on quality of life and cause significant morbidity and mortality.Germing U et al. Hemasphere. 2019;3(6):e314. Al-Ali HK et al. Cancers (Basel). 2024; 16(23):4064.
Early assessment and investigation of the underlying causes of anemia are essential to improve long-term outcomes.Germing U et al. Hemasphere. 2019;3(6):e314.
Anemia is a frequent condition in the elderly. The cause of anemia is unexplained in one third of cases, and it may be attributed to myeloid neoplasms.Stauder R. Blood. 2018;131:505-514. Alvarez-Payares JC et al. Cureus. 2021;13:e19971.
When the cause of anemia is uncertain based on the patient’s history and physical examination, a thorough assessment is necessary to identify its underlying origin, primarily relying on a diagnosis by exclusion.Guralnik J et al. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2022;70(3):891-899. Goodnough LT, Schrier SL. Am J Hematol. 2014;89(1):88-96.
Prognostic scoring allows assessment of disease severity. Risk stratification is important to understand the disease trajectory and enable a tailored clinical approach.Hasserjian RP et al. Blood. 2023;142:2247-2257. Platzbecker U et al. Leukemia. 2021;35:2182-2198.
Treatment approaches are guided by disease characteristics, symptom burden, and clinical goals. Management may include supportive care and/or active treatment strategies aimed at improving symptoms, hematologic parameters, and patient outcomes.Germing U et al. Hemasphere. 2019;3(6):e314. Al-Ali HK et al. Cancers (Basel). 2024; 16(23):4064.
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Diagnosing MDS requires an extensive series of tests, but it is also important to have a high clinical suspicion to identify risk factors for developing MDS, such as advancing age.Hasserjian RP et al. Blood. 2023;142:2247-2257. Sekeres MA. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2010;24:287-294.
Diagnosing MF requires a thorough diagnostic workup alongside a high clinical suspicion, particularly in patients with established risk factors, such as advancing age.Prakash S, Orazi A. Am J Clin Pathol. 2022;157(4):518-530. Shallis RM et al. Blood Rev. 2020;42:100706.
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